Energy
Kinetic and potential energy; work and the conservation of energy.
Initial angle (°)
String length (m)
Bob mass (kg)
Energy (J)
PE
13.24 J
KE
0.00 J
E_mech
13.24 J
E_th (thermal)
0.00 J
E_total
13.24 J
Energy distribution
Energy vs. Time
Energy transformation
At the highest points (A, C): PE is high, KE is low.
At the lowest point (B): KE is high, PE is low.
Air resistance (drag) opposes motion and turns mechanical energy into thermal energy.
Total energy stays constant (mechanical + thermal).
Equations
Energy
PE = 1.5 × 9.81 × 0.90 = 13.24 J
KE = 0.5 × 1.5 × (0.00)² = 0.00 J
Mechanical Energy
E_mech = 13.24 + 0.00 = 13.24 J
Total Energy
E_total = 13.24 + 0.00 + 0.00 = 13.24 J (constant)
Height Definition
h = 0.90 m
Energy changes between potential and kinetic.
Air resistance converts mechanical energy into thermal energy.
Total energy remains constant.