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MECHANICS

Newton's First Law of Motion: Inertia

Linear Motion

Newton's Second Law: Force and Acceleration

Newton's Third Law: Action and Reaction

Momentum

Energy

Rotational Motion

Gravity

Projectile and Satellite Motion

Newton's First Law of Motion: Inertia

Linear Motion

Newton's Second Law: Force and Acceleration

Newton's Third Law: Action and Reaction

Momentum

Energy

Rotational Motion

Gravity

Projectile and Satellite Motion

Gravity

Gravitational force, free fall, and orbital motion.

Time: 0.00 s — Height: 6.00 m — Velocity: 0.00 m/s — Acceleration: 0.00 m/s² — m: — — k: —

Velocity vs Time

Height vs Time (s)

Acceleration vs Time

Equations Panel

Symbols

m = mass (kg)

g = gravity (m/s²)

k = air resistance coefficient

v = velocity (m/s)

a = acceleration (m/s²)

F = force (N)

Forces

Fg=mgF_g = m g
Fdrag=−kvF_{\text{drag}} = -k v

Net Force

Fnet=mg−kvF_{\text{net}} = m g - k v

Acceleration

a=Fnetma = \frac{F_{\text{net}}}{m}
a=g−kmva = g - \frac{k}{m} v
a≈g(when v small)a \approx g \quad \text{(when } v \text{ small)}

Terminal Velocity

vt=mgk(theory)v_t = \frac{m g}{k} \quad \text{(theory)}

Understanding the motion

Gravity pulls the object downward.

Air resistance opposes motion.

As velocity increases, drag increases.

At terminal velocity, forces balance and acceleration is zero.